在英语学习中，掌握不规则动词是提升语言能力的重要环节之一。与规则动词通过添加“-ed”来构成过去式和过去分词不同，不规则动词的变化形式多样且无固定规律可循，因此需要特别记忆。本文将列举100个常见的不规则动词，并对其基本形式、过去式及过去分词进行整理，帮助学习者更高效地掌握这一知识点。
什么是不规则动词？
不规则动词是指那些在时态变化时不遵循一般规则（即不加“-ed”）的动词。这类动词的形式通常包括三种类型：
1. 过去式与原形相同，如“cut-cut-cut”；
2. 过去式与过去分词相同，如“put-put-put”；
3. 三种形式完全不同，如“go-went-gone”。
尽管看似复杂，但这些动词在日常交流中使用频率极高，熟练掌握它们对流利表达至关重要。
常见的100个不规则动词
以下是按字母顺序排列的100个不规则动词及其对应的三种形态：
| 动词原形 | 过去式 | 过去分词|
|------------|------------|---------------|
| be | was/were | been|
| bear | bore | born|
| beat | beat | beaten|
| become | became | become|
| begin| began| begun |
| bend | bent | bent|
| bet| bet | bet |
| bid| bid | bid |
| bind | bound| bound |
| bite | bit| bitten|
| bleed| bled | bled|
| blow | blew | blown |
| break| broke| broken|
| breed| bred | bred|
| bring| brought| brought |
| build| built| built |
| burn | burnt| burnt |
| burst| burst| burst |
| buy| bought | bought|
| catch| caught | caught|
| choose | chose| chosen|
| cling| clung| clung |
| come | came | come|
| cost | cost | cost|
| cut| cut| cut |
| dig| dug| dug |
| do | did| done|
| draw | drew | drawn |
| dream| dreamed| dreamed/dreamt|
| drink| drank| drunk |
| drive| drove| driven|
| eat| ate| eaten |
| fall | fell | fallen|
| feed | fed| fed |
| feel | felt | felt|
| fight | fought | fought|
| find | found| found |
| fly| flew | flown |
| forget | forgot | forgotten |
| forgive| forgave| forgiven|
| freeze | froze| frozen|
| get| got| gotten/got|
| give | gave | given |
| go | went | gone|
| grow | grew | grown |
| hang | hung | hung|
| have | had| had |
| hear | heard| heard |
| hide | hid| hidden|
| hit| hit| hit |
| hold | held | held|
| hurt | hurt | hurt|
| keep | kept | kept|
| know | knew | known |
| lay| laid | laid|
| lead | led| led |
| leave| left | left|
| lend | lent | lent|
| let| let| let |
| lie| lay| lain|
| light| lit| lit |
| lose | lost | lost|
| make | made | made|
| mean | meant| meant |
| meet | met| met |
| pay| paid | paid|
| put| put| put |
| quit | quit | quit|
| read | read | read|
| ride | rode | ridden|
| ring | rang | rung|
| rise | rose | risen |
| run| ran| run |
| say| said | said|
| see| saw| seen|
| seek | sought | sought|
| sell | sold | sold|
| send | sent | sent|
| set | set| set |
| shake| shook| shaken|
| shear| sheared| shorn |
| shine| shone| shone |
| show | showed | shown |
| shrink | shrank | shrunk|
| shut | shut | shut|
| sing | sang | sung|
| sink | sank | sunk|
| sit| sat| sat |
| sleep| slept| slept |
| slide| slid | slid|
| sling| slung| slung |
| slit | slit | slit|
| smell| smelt| smelt |
| speak| spoke| spoken|
| speed| sped | sped|
| spell| spelt| spelt |
| spend| spent| spent |
| stand| stood| stood |
| steal| stole| stolen|
| stick| stuck| stuck |
| sting| stung| stung |
| stop | stopped| stopped |
| strike | struck | stricken|
| string | strung | strung|
| strive | strove | striven |
| swear| swore| sworn |
| sweep| swept| swept |
| swell| swelled| swollen |
| swim | swam | swum|
| swing| swung| swung |
| take | took | taken |
| teach| taught | taught|
| tear | tore | torn|
| tell | told | told|
| think| thought| thought |
| throw| threw| thrown|
| understand| understood | understood|
| wake | woke | woken |
| wear | wore | worn|
| weave| wove | woven |
| win| won| won |
| wind | wound| wound |
| withdraw | withdrew | withdrawn |
| write| wrote| written |
如何有效记忆这些动词？
1. 分类记忆法：根据动词的三种形式是否一致或相似，将其分为几类分别记忆。
2. 联想记忆法：结合具体场景或故事来记住动词的具体用法。
3. 反复练习法：通过造句、听写等方式不断强化记忆。
4. 应用实践法：在实际对话中尝试使用这些动词，加深印象。
以上便是100个常见不规则动词的完整列表及相关说明。希望这份总结能够为您的英语学习提供帮助！
